Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes the rapid growth of skin cells, leading to thick, scaly patches on the skin’s surface. These patches, often red or silver in color, appear most commonly on the elbows, knees, and scalp, though they can appear anywhere on the body.

The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, speeding up the skin’s natural regeneration process. This results in the buildup of skin cells, forming thick patches known as plaques.

There are different types of psoriasis, with plaque psoriasis being the most common. Other types include guttate psoriasis, which often begins after an infection, and inverse psoriasis, which occurs in areas like the armpits and groin.

Symptoms of psoriasis vary from mild to severe. In addition to the red, scaly patches, individuals may experience itching, burning, or soreness. In severe cases, the skin can crack and bleed. Psoriasis can also affect joints, leading to a condition known as psoriatic arthritis, which causes pain and stiffness in the joints.